Start with the pattern and timeline
Gradual recession or thinning over the crown often reflects androgenetic alopecia, while sudden diffuse shedding, patches, scalp inflammation or hair loss after illness can have different causes. A diagnosis matters before choosing treatment.
Main evidence-based medicines
Topical minoxidil and oral finasteride are established options for male-pattern hair loss, but neither works for everyone and benefit generally depends on continued use. Finasteride can cause sexual adverse effects and rare mood changes, and it affects PSA interpretation.
Set realistic expectations
Changes are judged over months, not days. Standardised photographs under similar lighting and hairstyle can be more useful than repeatedly counting individual hairs. Commercial clinics should not replace an assessment where the pattern is unclear.
Useful information to track
- Baseline and monthly standardised photographs
- Start date and exact product
- Scalp, sexual or mood effects
- Other illness, weight change, medicines or iron-related symptoms
Sources
Reviewed against the following official guidance and primary evidence. Product information and clinical guidance can change.