Menopause affects people differently
Hot flushes, night sweats, sleep disruption, mood changes, vaginal or urinary symptoms and changes in sexual wellbeing can vary greatly. Assessment is generally based on age, symptoms and history, with testing used selectively.
HRT is not one product
Hormone replacement therapy may contain oestrogen alone or oestrogen with a progestogen, delivered by tablets, patches, gels, sprays or local vaginal products. The uterus, symptoms, preferences and individual risks affect which options are considered.
Benefits and risks need context
HRT can be effective for vasomotor symptoms and can help prevent bone loss, but risks differ by age, timing, route, formulation and personal history. NICE recommends individualised discussion rather than a single risk statement for everyone.
Useful information to track
- Symptoms, severity and impact on sleep or daily life
- Bleeding pattern and any unexpected change
- Exact product, route and start date
- Review date and agreed outcomes
When to seek help
Heavy or unexpected bleeding, chest pain, sudden breathlessness, one-sided weakness or another acute concerning symptom needs prompt assessment.
Sources
Reviewed against the following official guidance and primary evidence. Product information and clinical guidance can change.